Urban Picnic: Relations Among Actors

Relations Among Governmental Project Actors: The case of Paraná mGov

This paper aims to study an eleven-year project of mGov in the state of Paraná, Brazil. From 2000 to 2010, Paraná State Government introduced the cell phone as a means of service provided to the citizen. The precocious experience in Brazil in Mobile Government (mGov) and the number of cell phones used in the country (over 224 million in 2011) are not arguments for these to be used in providing ...

Main Intergovernmental Conflicts among Urban Management Actors of Small Cities Case Study: City of Natanz, Iran

There are studies about interlocal relations of local governance, but it would be unique to explain these in urban management mechanisms of unitary country in Middle East, like Iran. One of the important issues for the city's urban management system is its state actors’ interrelations and probable challenges of this process, which mentioned by terms like inter-local, intergovernmental, or inter...

When to Picnic?

The quantitative and reliable prediction of the level of precipitation is important for scientific, economic and ecological reasons [3]. Currently, there are many global climate models, but there is still a great deal of uncertainty in their predictions. Not only do they not agree with themselves, they do not even predict the past correctly [7]. (This is a similar idea to having poor training e...

Urban-rural relations in Europe

Explaining The Power Relations of The Actors of Production and Reproduction of The Urban Space of Abbas-Abad lands in Tehran

Introduction: Urban space production is a multifaceted concept that can be considered a set of processes and individual and group human actions such as decision making, participation in urban control and ownership, and participation in the production of physical space. The emphasis of different thinkers reveals the importance of power in creating urban spaces. Today, our urban spaces face many ...